Tag Archives: Goethe

Puritanical snubbery

I’ve been reading Goethe — most recently his novella Elective Affinities.

Never heard of it? No surprise there. The introduction to the translation I’m reading (Goethe: Collected Works, Volume 11, ed. by David Wellbery, transl. by Victor Lange and Judith Ryan, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1988) says: “Elective Affinities never really gained entry into the American reader’s canon of favorite literary masterpieces.”

What’s up with that, I’m wondering as I begin the story. I’ve already read The Sorrows of Young Werther, the first of the two collected works in this volume, which reads like a 19th century novel. (If you ever read George Eliot’s The Mill on the Floss, which ends with a brother and sister floating down a river in each other’s arms and drowning, you’ll see what I mean. That book ends badly, as does Moby-Dick.) Writers of this era were not at all shy of tragedies, and Sorrows, naturally enough, ends with poor young Werther dying of a broken heart.

Elective Affinities begins with the upper class, not unlike a Jane Austen novel. But in sketching the social manners of the day, Goethe is not nearly so prim and proper. No sirree. Already by Chapter 13, a Count and a baroness, each currently wed to others, meet at the good Edward and Charlotte’s estate for a tryst. Edward and Charlotte, bless them, are married to each other, but they are seriously pursuing inappropriate sexual affairs with other houseguests.

The United States might have been the land of the free, but they were devout, temperance-loving puritanical prigs as well, certainly not of a mind to condone some German tale of rampant promiscuity. That’s my theory about why it never “gained entry”. Puritanical snubbery.

Goethe

I found the Oxford Companion to German Literature at UW Bookstore for $4.99. It’s like discovering buried treasure. The information in it is assisting my knowledge of so many German greats — I am currently smitten by Goethe. (I know what you’re thinking: what took you so long.) Here is an early poem I especially like:

SONG OF THE SPIRITS
OVER THE WATERS
by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Man’s soul
Equals the water:
From Heaven it comes,
To Heaven it rises,
And downward again
It must descend to the earth,
Forever changing.

When there streams from the high,
Steep wall of the rock
The pure jet of water,
Then it foams in lovely sprays
In waves of clouds
To the smooth rock,
And gracefully received,
It floats, enveiling,
Murmuring softly
Down to the deep.

Where cliffs arise
In the face of the downpour,
It foams, out of temper,
Step upon step,
Down to the abyss.

In the shallow bed
It creeps down the meadowy valley
And in the smooth lake
Their countenance feast
All heavenly bodies.

The wind is the wave’s
Beautiful wooer;
The wind stirs up from the bottom
Foaming waves.

Soul of Man,
How you resemble the water!
Fate of Man
how you resemble the wind!

[translation from Introduction to Germany Poetry ed. by Gustave Mathieu & Guy Stern, New York: Dover Publications, Inc. 1987]